Are allergies painful for dogs

7 Dog Allergy Symptoms to Look For

Allergies are common in dogs. About 1-2% of all dogs have a food allergy, and as many as 25% of dogs with skin problems have a food allergy.

When you throw in dogs with inhalant or environmental allergens (like pollen or mold) and flea allergies, youre looking at a sizeable portion of the canine population thats suffering from allergies.

How can you tell if your dog has allergies?

Many diseases can cause the same symptoms as allergies in dogs, so it will be up to your veterinarian to determine for sure whether allergies are to blame, and if possible, the cause of those allergies.

Look for these signs and go to the vet to confirm whether your dog does, in fact, have allergies.

Your Dog Never Stops Scratching

One of the most common symptoms of allergies in dogs that pet parents notice is itchy skin.

The severity of the itchiness can vary from quite mild, in which case the skin and haircoat look mostly normal, all the way to nonstop scratching.

In the more severe cases, hair may be missing, and the underlying skin can appear to be red, raw, and inflamed.

Classically, the epicenters of itch include:

Importantly, itchiness of the lower back, specifically near the base of the tail, is a hallmark sign of flea allergies.

Over time, these areas may become hyperpigmented, or dark in color. The skin may become quite odorous and can take on a notably different texture.

Your Dogs Feet Smell Like Corn Chips and They Wont Stop Licking Them

While most humans think that the corn chip smell is normal for a dogs feet, its actually a sign of bacteria. If your dog is also licking their feet, its not because theyre cleaningtheir feet are itchy.

If your dogs hair is a light color, you may notice fur staining of the feet, a symptom in which the fur takes on a dark red, coppery color due to the dogs saliva.

The classic corn chip odor of the feet, which many people believe to be completely normal in dogs, is caused by skin infections, either from bacteria (usually Staph) or fungi (usually yeast). So how is this symptom related to allergies?

The inflammation associated with skin allergies breaks down the normal skin barrier over time. As a result, opportunistic microbes like yeast and bacteria can go from resting peacefully on the surface to diving deeper, where they set up infections and cause problems.

Addressing these secondary infections will be one of the first steps that your veterinarian will want to take in treating your allergic dog.

Your Dog Has Chronic Ear Infections

Relatedly, many dogs with allergies will experience ear infections that recur frequently or never seem to fully go away. As with the feet, this problem is often caused first by the allergies.

The allergies break down the healthy skin barrier, then opportunistic bacteria or yeast create an infection, which all further contributes to the itch (although ear infections unrelated to allergies are common as well).

Dogs that have gone years with allergies that are either undiagnosed or undertreated will often have ears that are raw, smelly and thickened.

In severe cases, ear infections may become so resistant to treatment that surgery to remove the ear canal may be required. To avoid this situation, it is important to have your dog examined by your veterinarian as soon as you suspect that your dog may have allergies or ear infections.

You Notice Recurring Hot Spots

Formally known as pyotraumatic dermatitis, hot spots are common in dogs, especially in breeds like Goldens, Labs, and Saint Bernards.

Like ear infections, hot spots can arise on their own, or they can be secondary to underlying allergies. If you feel like youre always treating a new hot spot on your dog, talk to your veterinarian about allergies.

Your Dog Suffers From Chronic Diarrhea and Related Symptoms

You might think that the skin is the area thats most commonly affected by allergies in dogs, but the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is just as likely to suffer when a dogs allergies are poorly controlled.

GI-related allergy symptoms include:

Your Dog Has Red Eyes

Its less common for dog allergies to manifest in their eyes, but it is possible.

When certain parts of the eye become red and inflamed, especially if both eyes are affected, an allergy may be at play. The term for this condition is allergic conjunctivitis.

The redness may be accompanied by squinting or pawing at the face.

Your Dog Is Coughing

A nonproductive cough that worsens during exercise may be yet another sign of allergies. Known as allergic bronchitis, this condition is more common and more severe in cats, but it is a possibility in a dog with allergies.

Talk With Your Veterinarian

As always, talk to your veterinarian if you suspect that your dog may have allergies. They may perform tests to rule out more common or more serious diseases that can cause similar symptoms.

To decide whether allergies are likely the culprit, your veterinarian will also take into account:

• The age of onset (environmental allergies typically show up in a dogs first three years of life, whereas food allergies are seen in dogs 5-7 years old)

• Your dogs breed

• The seasonality of the symptoms

• Previous and current diets

Featured Image: iStock.com/Przemysaw Iciak

Allergic Ear Infections (Allergic Otitis) in Dogs

How do allergies cause ear infections in dogs?

Allergies cause the skin barrier to break down and increase the wax production in the ear canal. This allows the low number of normal yeast and bacteria on the skin and in the ear to overproduce and allow more severe strains of bacteria to thrive. This leads to increased inflammation, pain, and discharge from the ear.

Dogs with seasonal allergies tend to get ear infections around the same season each year. Dogs with food allergies or non-seasonal environmental allergies may have ear infections recurring throughout the year.

Since dogs with allergic otitis will have repeated ear infections, this chronic inflammation can cause the ear canal tissue to scar, become calcified, and reduce the opening of the ear canals. This makes treatment even harder as the medication has a hard time reaching the deeper ear canal regions.

Symptoms of Allergy-Induced Ear Infections

The symptoms for allergic otitis are the same as otitis externa but tend to recur during the allergy season or be more frequent year-round.

• Shaking the head
• Scratching at the ears
• Redness to the ear flap or entrance to the ear canal
• Discharge from the ear canal
• Pain when the ear is touched
• Thickening of the ear canal
• Rubbing the face/ear on the ground or furniture
• Licking the paws excessively (a general sign of an allergy)
• Itching or licking other parts of the body (a general sign of an allergy)
• In severe cases, if the eardrum ruptures, the infection can spread to the middle and inner ear causing symptoms like head tilt, walking abnormally, circling, falling over, or pain when eating or opening the mouth fully.

A good physical exam and exam down into the ear canals is the first step. The next step is usually cytology, evaluation under the microscope, of the material in the ear to look for yeast and bacteria.

Based on these results, an initial ear medication can be started. Treatment is typically recommended to last for 2-3 weeks, then the ears must be rechecked to ensure the infection has fully resolved. If the infection is still present after the initial treatment course, your vet may recommend a Culture and Sensitivity test to submit to the lab. This way, the bacteria can be grown, identified, and certain antibiotics can be tested to see which one is the next best option for treatment. Not all bacteria respond to the same antibiotic and dogs with allergies that have been on and off ear medications multiple times have a higher risk of developing more severe bacterial infections with more resistance to available antibiotics.

Ear infections are painful and lead to a lot of discharge in the ears. Your vet may recommend sedating your dog to thoroughly clean out the ear and better assess the eardrum before starting treatment. Removing as much discharge as possible will help the medications work better and reduces inflammation and pain in the ear. Its important that your vet can assess the eardrum. There are medications that are commonly used in ear treatments that can cause deafness and this risk is highest if the eardrum is torn, allowing the drugs to reach the middle or inner ear. If the eardrum is not healthy, your vet will likely recommend oral medications and very select topical treatments.

Its critical that your dog comes back in for the recommended recheck exam, often 2-3 weeks after starting treatment. We need to be sure the infection has completely resolved. Dogs with allergic otitis can have harder to treat ear infections and more frequent ear infections due to the allergy trigger.

How can I prevent allergic otitis?

If your dog has allergic otitis as a result of a food allergy, your vet will discuss beginning a novel protein or hypoallergenic prescription diet. The diet needs to be fed for at least 2-3 months to assess the response and a few diets may need to be tried

If your dog has flea allergies that trigger allergic otitis, be sure all pets in the home are on consistent flea control, the home and yard are being treated for fleas, and the home is being vacuumed at least weekly to remove any fleas that may get inside. Oral flea products tend to be the most effective for flea allergic pets.

For dogs with environmental allergies (atopy), discuss allergy testing with your vet or referral to a veterinary dermatologist. Dogs can be given Antigen therapy to help reduce their immune system's overreaction to their allergies. There are also steroids, antihistamines, and newer anti-itch allergy medications like Apoquel and Cytopoint that can help reduce ear and skin issues in allergic dogs.

Regular ear cleaning and even a cleaning product to reduce wax can help reduce ear infections in allergic dogs. Discuss options with your vet, along with a tailored ear cleaning regime for your dog.

Read more:

Swelling of the Ear (Aural Hematoma) in Cats and Dogs

How to Perform a Food Trial for Your Pets Allergies

Common Myths About Allergies in Dogs

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Allergies in Dogs: Types, Signs, Causes and Treatment

Allergies in dogs are more common than you might think and understanding the signs can help you make sure that your furry friend is enjoying a comfortable, allergy-free life. Weve put together an in-depth guide that covers everything from common allergens to treatment options, so you can have all the information you need to keep your pup feeling their very best.

What is an Allergy?

An allergy occurs when a dogs immune system overreacts to substances that are usually harmless. These substances, known as allergens, can trigger an allergic response when inhaled, ingested, or come into contact with the dogs skin. During this reaction, the dogs body mistakenly identifies these normal environmental substances as threats, leading to a variety of physical symptoms. The severity of these reactions can vary greatly, ranging from mild discomfort to severe, life-threatening conditions.

Can Dogs Have Allergies?

Absolutely! Dogs can have allergies just like humans. In fact, dog allergies are a common issue that many pet owners face. These allergies can be triggered by a multitude of factors, including environmental elements like pollen, mold, and dust mites, certain foods, fleas, and even ingredients in their grooming products.

Symptoms of Allergies in Dogs

Being able to recognize dog allergy symptoms is essential for any pet parent. Allergies in dogs can manifest in various ways, and knowing the signs of allergic reaction in dogs can help you know when to seek veterinary care. Heres a detailed list of common signs of dog allergies to keep an eye out for:

• Itchy Skin (Pruritus): One of the most noticeable signs of allergies in dogs is persistent itching. Your dog may scratch incessantly, bite, or lick their skin, often leading to redness and irritation. This is typically more concentrated around the face, feet, and ears.
• Skin Rashes and Hives: Allergies can cause visible skin irritation. You might notice red, inflamed patches on the skin, or raised welts known as hives, particularly after exposure to a potential allergen.
• Chronic Ear Infections: Dogs with allergies often suffer from recurrent ear infections. Symptoms include head shaking, ear scratching, redness inside the ear, and sometimes an unusual odor or discharge.
• Runny Nose and Watery Eyes: Similar to humans, dogs with allergies might have a runny nose and watery eyes. This is a clear response to inhaled allergens like pollen or dust.
• Sneezing: Frequent sneezing can be a sign of airborne allergies in dogs. Its often more pronounced in certain environments or seasons when specific allergens are present.
• Paw Chewing/Licking: Dogs with allergies might constantly lick or chew their paws. This is due to itchiness and can sometimes lead to discoloration of the fur on their paws from excessive licking.
• Digestive Issues: Allergies, especially those related to food, can cause digestive problems. Symptoms can include vomiting, diarrhea, or gas. Notice if these symptoms occur shortly after eating specific foods.
• Hair Loss and Bald Patches: Due to constant scratching and licking, dogs with allergies may experience hair loss, leading to visible bald patches on their coat.
• Hot Spots: Allergic reactions can lead to hot spots areas on your dogs skin that become inflamed, sore, and infected. These are usually very painful and can spread rapidly.
• Breathing Difficulties: Although less common, some dogs with allergies might experience difficulty breathing or wheezing, particularly if they are allergic to inhaled substances like pollen or smoke.
• Behavioral Changes: Dogs with uncomfortable allergy symptoms may show changes in behavior. This can include restlessness, agitation, or a decrease in overall activity levels.

If you notice any of these symptoms in your dog, its important to consult with a veterinarian. They can conduct tests to determine the cause of the allergies and recommend appropriate treatment to relieve your dogs discomfort. Remember, each dog is unique, and what might be a harmless irritant to one could be a significant allergen for another.

How Common are Allergies in Dogs?

Allergies in dogs are quite common and are one of the frequent reasons for veterinary visits. A large number of dogs experience some kind of allergy during their lifetime, whether its due to environmental factors, food, or other allergens. This makes it especially important to be aware of the signs of allergic reactions in dogs and be ready to seek out the proper care for your canine companions.

What are the Different Types of Allergies?

Understanding the various types of allergies that affect dogs is crucial for effective management and treatment. Common dog allergies fall into a few primary categories, each with its own set of triggers and symptoms. Heres an overview of the different types:

1. Environmental Allergies: These are triggered by allergens found in a dogs surroundings. Pollen, mold, dust mites, and grass are common culprits. Dogs with environmental allergies often suffer from seasonal symptoms, but indoor allergens can cause year-round issues.
2. Food Allergies: Food allergies in dogs are less common than environmental allergies but can cause severe reactions. Common triggers include proteins like beef, chicken, dairy, or wheat. Symptoms can range from gastrointestinal issues to skin problems.
3. Flea Allergy Dermatitis (FAD): This is one of the most common dog allergies, where a dog is allergic to flea saliva. Even a single flea bite can trigger an intense allergic reaction, leading to severe itching, skin inflammation, and secondary skin infections.
4. Skin Allergies in Dogs (Atopic Dermatitis): Often related to environmental allergens, skin allergies result in itchy skin, leading to scratching, licking, and biting at the skin. This continuous irritation can lead to hot spots, hair loss, and secondary skin infections.
5. Contact Allergies: Less common, these occur when a dogs skin reacts to direct contact with substances like certain fabrics, plastics, or cleaning products. Symptoms typically include localized skin irritation and itching.

Are Allergies Inherited?

Yes, allergies can be genetic, and certain breeds are more predisposed to developing allergies. While not all allergies are directly inherited, a dogs genetic makeup can make them more susceptible to developing allergic reactions to their environment or diet.

What are the Most Common Allergens for Dogs?

Dogs can be sensitive to a variety of allergens, including:

• Pollen
• Fleas
• Dust mites
• Mold spores
• Food ingredients
• Household cleaning products
• Fabrics
• Perfumes and deodorants

Types of Allergic Reactions in Dogs

Allergic reactions in dogs can manifest in many ways, ranging from mild skin irritations to more severe, life-threatening conditions. Understanding the different types of allergic reactions is crucial for recognizing the signs and getting the right treatment in time.

Allergic Dermatitis in Dogs

Allergic dermatitis is one of the most common allergic reactions in dogs, often linked to environmental allergens, food, or flea bites. It results in itchy, inflamed skin, leading to excessive scratching, licking, or biting at affected areas. This constant irritation can cause hair loss, hot spots, and secondary infections, making it crucial to address the underlying allergy.

Urticaria (Hives) in Dogs

Hives, or urticaria, appear as raised, itchy bumps on the skin, often as a reaction to insect stings, certain medications, or foods. They can cause significant discomfort, but they are typically more alarming in appearance than they are dangerous. However, hives can be a precursor to more severe reactions and should be monitored closely.

Swelling of Face or Throat

Allergic reactions can cause facial swelling, particularly around the eyes and lips, and in more severe cases, the throat. This swelling can be distressing for the dog and, if it involves the throat, can lead to breathing difficulties, warranting immediate veterinary attention.

Anaphylactic Shock

The most severe form of allergic reaction is anaphylactic shock. It can occur within minutes of exposure to the allergen and can be life-threatening. Symptoms include sudden weakness, difficulty breathing, vomiting, diarrhea, and collapse. Anaphylaxis requires immediate emergency veterinary care to treat and stabilize the dog.

Diagnosing Allergies in Dogs

Diagnosing dog allergies usually involves a comprehensive evaluation by a veterinarian. The process may include a detailed review of the dogs medical history, physical examination, and specific allergy tests, such as blood tests or skin prick tests. In some cases, an elimination diet may be used to identify food allergies.

Allergy Treatment for Dogs

Depending on the type and severity of the allergy, dog allergies treatment can include antihistamines, corticosteroids, or other medications to reduce symptoms. For skin allergies, topical treatments like medicated shampoos or ointments can provide relief. In cases of food allergies, dietary modifications are crucial. Additionally, immunotherapy or allergy shots may be recommended for long-term management of environmental allergies.

Need Immediate Veterinary Care? Find an UrgentVet Location Near You!

Managing allergies can be key to keeping your beloved dog happy, healthy, and symptom-free. If you suspect your dog is suffering from allergies, early diagnosis, and appropriate treatment can make a significant difference in your dogs quality of life.

At Urgent Vet, we can provide an allergy diagnosis and tailored treatment plan specific to your dogs needs and because we offer same-day walk-in appointments, you wont have to wait until your primary care vet can fit you in.

For expert advice and comprehensive care, find the UrgentVet location nearest you now!

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